BIRTHDAYS

1/1/1484 :Ulrich Zwingli, Swiss humanist, author, preacher, politician.

1/1/1735 :Paul Revere, US patriot.

1/1/1745 :"Mad" Anthony Wayne, American Revolutionary War general.

1/1/1752 :Elizabeth "Betsy" Ross (Griscom), maker of first US flag.

1/1/1778 :Charles-Alexandre Lesueur, zoologist.

1/1/1854 :James Fraser.

1/1/1879 :Edward Morgan Forster, English novelist ("A Room With a View").

1/1/1895 :J. Edgar Hoover, FBI Director.

1/1/1900 :Xavier Cugat, bandleader.

1/1/1908 :Barry Goldwater.

1/1/1912 :Harold "Kim" Philby, Soviet master spy.

1/1/1913 :Elliot Janeway, economist and author.

1/1/1919 :J.D. Salinger, novelist.

1/1/1922 :Ernest F. Hollings, South Carolina Senator.

1/1/1923 :Milt Jackson, musician.

1/1/1933 :Joe Orton, playwright ("Loot").

1/1/1940 :Frank Langella, actor.

1/1/1940 :Helmut Jahn, architect.

1/1/1942 :Country Joe McDonald.

1/1/1943 :Father Guido Sarducci (Don Novello), actor and comedian.

1/1/1955 :LaMarr Hoyt (Dewey LaMarr Hoyt), baseball player.

1/1/1958 :Ellen DeGeneres, comedienne.

1/2/1647 :Nathaniel Bacon, Virginia patriot.

1/2/1727 :James Wolfe, British General and hero of the battle of Quebec.

1/2/1861 :Helen Herron Taft, wife of William Howard Taft.

1/2/1905 :Michael Tippett, composer.

1/2/1920 :Isaac Asimov, author.

1/2/1922 :Renata Tebaldi, opera singer.

1/2/1930 :Julius LaRosa, singer.

1/2/1936 :Roger Miller, singer-songwriter.

1/2/1939 :Jim Bakker (James Orsen), TV evangelist.

1/2/1939 :Kay A. Orr, former Nebraska Governor.

1/2/1949 :Christopher Durang, playwright and actor.

1/2/1952 :Wendy Phillips, actress.

1/2/1968 :Cuba Gooding Jr.

1/3/-106 :Cicero, orator.

1/3/1793 :Lucretia (Coffin) Mott, feminist and abolitionist.

1/3/1822 :William Nylander, lichenologist.

1/3/1879 :Grace Anna Goodhue Coolidge, wife of Calvin Coolidge.

1/3/1883 :Clement Richard Attlee, former British Prime Minister.

1/3/1885 :Anna Pavlova, Russian ballerina. (1/31/1882?)

1/3/1892 :John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, author ("Lord of the Rings").

1/3/1893 :Rufus King, mystery author ("Murder by the Clock").

1/3/1908 :Ray Milland (Reginald Truscott-Jones), actor.

1/3/1909 :Victor Borge (Borge Rosenbaum), comedian.

1/3/1916 :Betty Furness, actress and consumer advisor.

1/3/1917 :Vernon A. Walters, former US Ambassador.

1/3/1918 :Maxene Andrews, singer ("The Andrews Sisters").

1/3/1919 :Jesse White, actor.

1/3/1923 :Hank Stram, sportscaster.

1/3/1926 :George Martin, record producer.

1/3/1926 :Joan Walsh Anglund, author and illustrator of children's books.

1/3/1930 :Eddie Egan, actor.

1/3/1930 :Robert Loggia, actor.

1/3/1932 :Dabney Coleman, actor.

1/3/1934 :Carla Anderson Hills, US Trade Representative.

1/3/1936 :Betty Rollin, journalist-author.

1/3/1939 :Bobby Hull, hockey player.

1/3/1945 :Stephen Stills, musician and songwriter.

1/3/1950 :Victoria Principal, actress.

1/3/1956 :Mel Gibson, actor ("Mad Max").

1/3/1963 :Jim (James Samuel) Everett III, football player.

1/3/1975 :Danica McKellar, actress.

1/4/1785 :Jacob Grimm, folklore and fairy tale collector.

1/4/1797 :Wilhelm Beer, first astronomer to map Mars.

1/4/1809 :Louis Braille, teacher of the blind.

1/4/1813 :Isaac Pitman, shorthand writing system inventor.

1/4/1838 :Charles Sherwood Stratton (a.k.a. General Tom Thumb).

1/4/1864 :George Washington Carver. inventor.

1/4/1896 :Everett McKinley Dirksen, Illinois Senator.

1/4/1905 :Sterling Holloway, actor.

1/4/1914 :Jane Wyman, actress and first wife of Ronald Wilson Reagan.

1/4/1916 :Robert Parrish, film director.

1/4/1920 :William E. Colby, former CIA director.

1/4/1927 :Lauro F. Cavazos, US Secretary of Education.

1/4/1930 :Don Shula, football coach.

1/4/1930 :Sorrell Brooke, actor.

1/4/1933 :Norman H. Bangerter, Utah Governor.

1/4/1935 :Floyd Patterson, heavyweight boxing champion.

1/4/1937 :Dyan Cannon, actress.

1/4/1937 :Grace Bumbry, opera singer.

1/4/1941 :Maureen Reagan.

1/4/1957 :Patty Loveless.

1/4/1959 :Matt Frewer, actor ("Max Headroom").

1/4/1961 :Clifford Eugene Levingston, basketball player.

1/4/1965 :Guy Forget, tennis player.

1/4/1971 :Jeremy Licht, actor ("Hogan Family").

1/5/1779 :Stephen Decatur, Navy Captain.

1/5/1779 :Zebulon Montgomery Pike, discoverer of Pike's Peak (Colorado).

1/5/1794 :Edmund Ruffin, US agriculturalist.

1/5/1855 :King Camp Gillette, inventor of the safety razor.

1/5/1859 :DeWitt B. Brace, inventor of spectrophotometer.

1/5/1876 :Konrad Adenauer, West German statesman.

1/5/1895 :Jeannette Ridlon Piccard, first US woman free balloon pilot.

1/5/1909 :Harry Kurnitz (a.k.a. Marco Page), author ("How to Steal a

         :Million").

1/5/1909 :Jean-Pierre Aumont, actor.

1/5/1918 :Jean Dixon, clairvoyant and astrologer.

1/5/1921 :Friedrich Durrenmatt, novelist and dramatist ("The Visit").

1/5/1923 :Robert Bernstein, president of Random House.

1/5/1926 :W.D. Snodgrass, poet.

1/5/1928 :Walter Frederick "Fritz" Mondale, former US vice president.

1/5/1931 :Alvin Ailey, dancer and choreographer.

1/5/1931 :Robert Duvall, actor.

1/5/1932 :Chuck Noll, football coach.

1/5/1932 :Raisa Gorbachev, wife of Soviet statesman Mikhail Gorbachev.

1/5/1938 :Juan Carlos, King of Spain.

1/5/1942 :Charlie Rose, talk-show host.

1/5/1945 :Sam Wyche.

1/5/1946 :Arthur Lyons, author ("Other People's Money").

1/5/1946 :Diane Keaton (Diane Hall), actress.

1/5/1948 :Charles Oliver Hough, baseball player.

1/5/1948 :Ted Lange, actor and director.

1/5/1954 :Pamela Sue Martin, actress. (1953?)

1/5/1954 :Alex English, basketball player.

1/5/1958 :Ron Kittle, baseball player.

1/6/1736 :Friedrich Casimir Medicus, German botanist.

1/6/1822 :Heinrich Schliemann, discoverer of the remains of ancient Troy.

1/6/1854 :Sherlock Holmes, consulting detective.

1/6/1878 :Carl Sandburg, poet.

1/6/1880 :Tom Mix, silent movie star.

1/6/1882 :Sam Rayburn, Texas Congressman.

1/6/1883 :Kahlil Gibran, poet-philosopher. (4/10?) [12/6?]

1/6/1911 :Joey Adams, comedian.

1/6/1913 :Loretta Young, actress.

1/6/1914 :Danny Thomas (Amos Jacobs), entertainer.

1/6/1921 :Louis Harris, public opinion analyst and author.

1/6/1924 :Earl Scruggs, musician.

1/6/1925 :John Z. DeLorean, former automaker.

1/6/1931 :E.L. Doctorow, author.

1/6/1935 :Sylvia Syms, singer.

1/6/1937 :Lou Holtz, Notre Dame football coach.

1/6/1944 :Bonnie Franklin, actress.

1/6/1946 :Syd Barrett (Roger Keith Barrett).

1/6/1957 :Nancy Lopez, golfer.

1/6/1960 :Howie Long, football player.

1/6/1964 :Charles Lewis Haley, football player.

1/6/1968 :John Singleton.

1/6/1976 :Danny Pintauro, actor.

1/7/1745 :Johann Christian Fabricius.

1/7/1745 :Jacques Montgolfier, hot air balloon inventor.

1/7/1800 :Millard Fillmore, 13th US president.

1/7/1844 :St. Bernadette (Bernadette Soubirous).

1/7/1873 :Adolph Zukor, film executive.

1/7/1873 :Charles Peguy.

1/7/1903 :Zora Neale Hurston.

1/7/1912 :Charles Addams, cartoonist.

1/7/1922 :Vincent Gardenia (Vincent Scognamiglio), actor.

1/7/1925 :Gerald Durrell, zoologist and writer ("My Family and Other

         :Animals").

1/7/1928 :William Peter Blatty, author.

1/7/1930 :Douglas Kiker, NBC journalist.

1/7/1943 :Leona Williams, singer and songwriter.

1/7/1947 :Jann Wenner, journalist and publisher.

1/7/1948 :Kenny Loggins, singer.

1/7/1952 :Erin Gray, actress.

1/7/1957 :Katie Couric, co-host of the Today show.

1/7/1958 :Donna Rice, Gary Hart's friend.

1/7/1964 :Nicolas Cage, actor.

1/8/1786 :Nicholas Biddle, financier.

1/8/1792 :Lowell Mason, educator and hymn writer ("Nearer My God to Thee").

1/8/1821 :James Longstreet, Confederate general.

1/8/1823 :Alfred Russel Wallace, natural collector.

1/8/1824 :William Wilkie Collins, English novelist ("The Moonstone").

1/8/1862 :Frank Doubleday, publisher.

1/8/1897 :Dennis Wheatley, "Crime Dossier" creator.

1/8/1911 :Butterfly McQueen, actress.

1/8/1912 :Jose Ferrer, actor-director.

1/8/1914 :Thomas J. Watson Jr., IBM chief executive.

1/8/1923 :Larry Storch, comic actor.

1/8/1924 :Ron Moody, actor.

1/8/1926 :Soupy Sales (Morton Supman), comedian. (1930?)

1/8/1928 :Sander Vanocur, ABC newsman.

1/8/1928 :Slade Gorton, Washington Senator (politician, not ballplayer).

1/8/1931 :Bill Graham (Wolfgang Grajonca), concert promoter.

1/8/1933 :Charles Osgood Wood, CBS newsman.

1/8/1935 :Elvis Presley, rock 'n' roll singer.

1/8/1937 :Shirley Bassey, singer.

1/8/1939 :Yvette Mimieux, actress.

1/8/1947 :David Bowie (David Robert Jones), singer-actor.

1/8/1952 :Vladmir Feltsman, Russian pianist.

1/9/1859 :Carrie Lane Chapman Catt, women's suffrage leader.

1/9/1878 :John Watson, pioneer psychologist.

1/9/1902 :Rudolph Bing, Austrian conductor and Metropolitan Opera manager.

1/9/1904 :George Balanchine (Georgi Militonovitch Balanchivadze), ballet

         :choreographer.

1/9/1908 :Simone de Beauvoir, novelist.

1/9/1913 :Richard Milhous Nixon, 37th US president.

1/9/1925 :Lee Van Cleef, actor.

1/9/1928 :Judith Krantz (Judith Tarcher), author.

1/9/1932 :Robert P. Casey, Pennsylvania Governor.

1/9/1934 :Bart Starr, football player.

1/9/1935 :Bob Denver, actor.

1/9/1935 :Dick Enberg, sportscaster.

1/9/1941 :Joan Baez, folksinger.

1/9/1941 :Susannah York, actress.

1/9/1945 :James Patrick "Jimmy" Page, guitarist.

1/9/1951 :Crystal Gayle (Brenda Gayle Webb), singer.

1/9/1965 :Tyrone "Muggsy" Bogues, basketball player.

1/10/1738:Ethan Allen, American patriot.

1/10/1835:Harry Wright, baseball pioneer.

1/10/1883:Francis X. Bushman, silent screen actor.

1/10/1887:Robinson Jeffers, US poet and playwright.

1/10/1896:Frances Lockridge, mystery author.

1/10/1904:Ray Bolger, actor.

1/10/1908:Bernard Lee, actor.

1/10/1910:Galina Ulanova, Soviet prima ballerina.

1/10/1927:Gisele MacKenzie, singer.

1/10/1927:Johnnie Ray, composer and singer.

1/10/1935:Sherrill Milnes, opera singer.

1/10/1938:Willie McCovey, baseball player.

1/10/1939:Sal Mineo, actor.

1/10/1943:Jim Croce, singer.

1/10/1944:Frank Sinatra Jr, singer.

1/10/1945:Rod Stewart, singer.

1/10/1949:George Foreman, boxer.

1/10/1953:Pat Benatar (Patricia Andrejewski), singer.

1/11/1757:Alexander Hamilton, first US Secretary of the Treasury (or 1755).

1/11/1807:Ezra Cornell, founder of Cornell University and Western Union.

1/11/1815:Sir John Alexander MacDonald, first prime minister of Canada.

1/11/1839:Eugenio Maria de Hostos, Puerto Rican patriot.

1/11/1842:William James, psychologist and philosopher.

1/11/1885:Alice Paul, women's rights leader.

1/11/1899:Eva Le Gallienne, actress and director.

1/11/1903:Alan Paton, South African novelist ("Cry the Beloved Country").

1/11/1905:Manfred B. Lee, author (Ellery Queen books).

1/11/1921:Juanita Kreps, university administrator.

1/11/1926:Grant Tinker, TV executive.

1/11/1928:David L. Wolper, TV producer.

1/11/1930:Rod Taylor, actor.

1/11/1934:Jean Chretien, Prime Minister of Canada.

1/11/1942:Clarence Clemmons, musician and singer.

1/11/1946:Naomi Judd, country singer.

1/11/1952:Ben Crenshaw, golfer.

1/11/1957:Darryl Dawkins, basketball player.

1/11/1963:Tracy Caulkins.

1/12/1588:John Winthrop, governor Massachusetts Bay Colony.

1/12/1729:Edmund Burke, British statesman.

1/12/1778:William Herbert, English botanist.

1/12/1856:John Singer Sargent, painter.

1/12/1876:Jack London, novelist.

1/12/1893:Hermann Goering, WWII Nazi leader.

1/12/1905:Tex Ritter (Woodward Maurice Ritter), Western singer and actor.

1/12/1910:Luise Rainer, actress.

1/12/1915:Martin Agronsky, journalist.

1/12/1916:P.W. Botha, former South African President.

1/12/1920:James Farmer, civil rights leader.

1/12/1922:Ira Hamilton, one of the Marines who raised the flag at Iwo Jima.

1/12/1926:Ray Price, country singer.

1/12/1935:George Kresge Jr (a.k.a. The Amazing Kreskin), mentalist.

1/12/1941:Jaime B. Fuster, US Resident Commissioner (Puerto Rico).

1/12/1941:"Long" John Baldry.

1/12/1942:Patsy Kelly, actress.

1/12/1944:Joe Frazier, former heavyweight boxing champion.

1/12/1945:Rodney Whittaker (a.k.a. Trevanian), author ("The Eiger

         :Sanction").

1/12/1948:Anthony Andrews, actor.

1/12/1951:Rush Limbaugh.

1/12/1954:Howard Stern.

1/12/1955:Kirstie Alley, actress ("Cheers").

1/12/1960:Dominique (Jacques) Wilkins, basketball player.

1/12/1961:Tommy Puett, actor.

1/13/1628:Charles Perrault, author of Mother Goose stories.

1/13/1794:Prosper Garnot.

1/13/1808:Salmon Portland Chase, American statesman.

1/13/1834:Horatio Alger Jr, author of rags-to-riches stories.

1/13/1864:Wilhelm Wien, Nobel prize winner for blackbody radiation laws.

1/13/1884:Sophie Tucker, singer.

1/13/1885:Alfred Carl Fuller, founder of the Fuller Brush Co.

1/13/1904:Cecil Beaton, English photographer.

1/13/1913:Ralph Edwards. (6/13?)

1/13/1919:Robert Stack, actor.

1/13/1922:Army Archerd, Hollywood columnist.

1/13/1925:Gwen Verdon, actress and dancer.

1/13/1926:Carolyn G. Heilbrun (a.k.a. Amanda Cross), author.

1/13/1927:Brock Adams, Washington Senator (politician not ballplayer).

1/13/1930:Frances Sternhagen, actress.

1/13/1931:Charles Nelson Reilly, actor-director.

1/13/1933:Frank Gallo, artist.

1/13/1943:Richard Moll.

1/13/1949:Brandon Tartikoff, broadcast executive.

1/13/1955:Jay McInerney, writer.

1/13/1961:Julia Louis-Dreyfuss.

1/13/1964:Penelope Ann Miller.

1/14/1730:William Whipple, American patriot.

1/14/1741:General Benedict Arnold, US turncoat.

1/14/1874:Thornton Waldo Burgess, author ("Peter Rabbit").

1/14/1875:Dr. Albert Schweitzer, philosopher and missionary.

1/14/1886:Hugh Lofting, English writer (Doctor Doolittle stories).

1/14/1892:Hal Roach, film director.

1/14/1896:John Dos Passos, novelist.

1/14/1898:Hilary Aidan St. George Saunders, writer.

1/14/1913:Tillie Olsen.

1/14/1919:Andy Rooney, writer and columnist.

1/14/1920:George Herman, former CBS newsman.

1/14/1925:Yukio Mishima.

1/14/1926:Tom Tyron, actor-author.

1/14/1928:Lauch Faircloth, North Carolina Senator.

1/14/1940:Julian Bond, legislator and civil rights leader.

1/14/1941:Faye Dunaway, actress ("Mommie Dearest").

1/14/1945:Marjoe Gortner, ex-evangelist, actor, and singer.

1/14/1949:Lawrence Kasdan, director and screenwriter.

1/14/1963:Stephen Soderbergh.

1/14/1968:LL Cool J.

1/14/1969:Jason Bateman, actor.

1/15/1622:Jean Baptiste Poquelin (a.k.a. Moliere), French author and

         :dramatist.

1/15/1716:Philip Livingston, merchant and signer of US Declaration of

         :Independence.

1/15/1823:Mathew Brady, US Civil War photographer.

1/15/1844:Cole Younger, outlaw.

1/15/1891:Osip Mandelstam, Russian poet.

1/15/1899:Goodman Ace, TV writer, actor, columnist, and humorist.

1/15/1906:Aristotle Onassis, Greek shipping magnate.

1/15/1908:Edward Teller, nuclear physicist.

1/15/1909:Gene Krupa, drummer.

1/15/1913:Lloyd Bridges, actor.

1/15/1915:Alan Lomax, folk music scholar.

1/15/1918:Gamal Abdel Nasser, Egyptian President.

1/15/1920:Cardinal John J. O'Connor, Archbishop of New York.

1/15/1926:Rod MacLeish, journalist.

1/15/1929:Martin Luther King Jr, civil rights leader.

1/15/1937:Margaret O'Brien, actress.

1/15/1941:Captain Beefheart (Don Van Vliet), singer.

1/15/1951:Charo (Maria Martinez), actress.

1/15/1953:Randy White.

1/15/1958:Mario Van Peebles.

1/15/1968:Chad Lowe.

1/16/1838:Franz Brentano, German philosopher.

1/16/1853:Andre Michelin, first mass produced auto tires.

1/16/1874:Robert William Service, Canadian poet ("The Shooting of Dan

         :McGrew").

1/16/1909:Ethel Merman (Ethel Agnes Zimmermann), singer. (1912?) (changed

         :as she got older)

1/16/1911:Hanna "Dizzy" Dean, baseball player.

1/16/1928:William Kennedy, author.

1/16/1929:Francesco Scavullo, photographer.

1/16/1930:Norman Podhoretz, author and editor.

1/16/1930:Ricou Browning, underwater director.

1/16/1934:Marilyn Horne, opera singer.

1/16/1935:A.J. Foyt, auto racer.

1/16/1944:Ronnie Milsap, singer.

1/16/1948:John Carpenter, movie director.

1/16/1950:Debbie Allen, dancer.

1/16/1960:Sade (Helen Folasade Adu).

1/16/1966:Jack Burns McDowell, baseball player.

1/17/1706:Benjamin Franklin, US statesman, scientist, and author.

1/17/1771:Charles Brockden Brown, writer.

1/17/1806:James Madison Randolph, first baby born in White House (grandson

         :of Thomas Jefferson).

1/17/1820:Anne Bronte.

1/17/1863:David Lloyd George, British statesman.

1/17/1863:Konstantin Stanislavski, Russian actor and director.

1/17/1880:Mack Sennett, slapstick film director-producer.

1/17/1899:Al Capone, gangster.

1/17/1899:Nevil Shute, English novelist.

1/17/1899:Robert Maynard Hutchins, US educator.

1/17/1913:Francis De Wolff, actor.

1/17/1922:Betty Marion White, actress. (1924?)

1/17/1926:Moira Shearer, ballerina and actress.

1/17/1926:Newton Minow, former head of FCC.

1/17/1928:Vidal Sassoon, hair stylist.

1/17/1931:Don Zimmer, baseball player and manager.

1/17/1931:L. Douglas Wilder, former Virginia Governor.

1/17/1931:James Earl Jones, actor.

1/17/1933:Sheree North (Dawn Bethel), actress.

1/17/1934:Shari Lewis (Shari Hurwitz), puppeteer.

1/17/1939:Maury Povich.

1/17/1942:Muhammed Ali (Cassius Marcellus Clay, Jr), boxer.

1/17/1949:Andy Kaufman, entertainer.

1/17/1954:Robert Kennedy Jr.

1/17/1956:Paul Young, singer.

1/17/1962:James Carrey, actor and comedian.

1/18/1689:Montesquieu.

1/18/1779:Peter Mark Roget, English physician and author of the thesaurus.

1/18/1782:Daniel Webster, US orator and statesman.

1/18/1867:Ruben Dario.

1/18/1882:Alan Alexander Milne, English author ("Winnie the Pooh").

1/18/1892:Oliver Hardy, actor.

1/18/1904:Cary Grant, actor.

1/18/1913:Danny Kaye, actor.

1/18/1918:John H. Johnson, founder of "Ebony."

1/18/1931:Evelyn Lear, opera singer.

1/18/1933:John Boorman, movie director.

1/18/1933:Ray Dolby, inventor.

1/18/1938:Curt Flood, baseball player.

1/18/1938:Paul Kirk, former chairman of Democratic National Committee.

1/18/1941:Bobby Goldsboro, country singer-songwriter.

1/18/1953:Brett Hudson, comedian, singer, and musician.

1/18/1954:Steven L. DeBerg, football player.

1/18/1955:Kevin Costner, actor.

1/18/1961:Mark Messier, hockey player.

1/19/1736:James Watt, Scottish engineer and developer of the steam engine.

1/19/1749:Isaiah Thomas, American printer, editor, etc.

1.19/1761:Pierre August Marie Broussonet, ichthyologist.

1/19/1807:Robert Edward Lee, Confederate General.

1/19/1809:Edgar Allen Poe, US author-poet.

1/19/1813:Henry Bessemer, English metallurgist.

1/19/1839:Paul Cezanne.

1/19/1887:Alexander Woollcott, American critic.

1/19/1920:Bruce G. Sundlun, Rhode Island Governor.

1/19/1920:Javier Perez de Cuellar, Peruvian diplomat and UN Secretary

         :General.

1/19/1921:Patricia Highsmith, author ("Strangers on a Train").

1/19/1922:Ken Hughes, film director.

1/19/1923:Jean Stapleton (Jeanne Murray), actress ("All in the Family").

1/19/1926:Fritz Weaver, actor.

1/19/1931:Robert MacNeil, PBS newsman.

1/19/1932:Richard Lester, movie director.

1/19/1935:Tippi Hedren, actress ("The Birds.")

1/19/1939:Phil Everly, singer.

1/19/1942:Michael Crawford, actor and singer.

1/19/1943:Janis Joplin.

1/19/1944:Shelley Fabares, actress.

1/19/1946:Dolly Parton, Country and Western singer.

1/19/1947:Ann Compton, ABC newswoman.

1/19/1949:Robert Palmer, singer. (1950?)

1/19/1953:Desi Arnaz Jr, singer-actor.

1/19/1955:Simon Rattle, British orchestra conductor.

1/19/1962:Christopher Andrew Sabo, baseball player.

1/19/1966:Stefan Edberg.

1/19/1982:Jodie Sweetin.

1/20/1894:Harold Gray, cartoonist ("Little Orphan Annie").

1/20/1896:George Burns (Nathan Birnbaum), comedian.

1/20/1920:DeForest Kelley, actor.

1/20/1920:Federico Fellini, Italian film director.

1/20/1922:Ray Anthony, bandleader.

1/20/1924:Otis Dewey "Slim" Whitman, singer.

1/20/1926:Patricia Neal, actress.

1/20/1930:Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin, second man on the moon.

1/20/1934:Arte Johnson, comedian and actor.

1/20/1937:Dorothy Provine, actress.

1/20/1946:David Lynch, filmmaker.

1/20/1948:Anatoly Scharansky, expatriate Soviet dissident.

1/20/1958:Lorenzo Lamas, actor.

1/21/1743:John Fitch, American inventor, clockmaker, etc.

1/21/1813:John Fremont, explorer and historian.

1/21/1821:John Cabell Breckinridge, 14th US vice president.

1/21/1824:Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson, Confederate general.

1/21/1855:John Browning, firearms designer.

1/21/1864:Israel Zangwill, writer ("The Big Bow Mystery").

1/21/1884:Roger Nash Baldwin, founder of ACLU.

1/21/1905:Christian Dior, fashion designer.

1/21/1919:Jinx Falkenberg, actress.

1/21/1921:Barney C. Clark, first permanent artificial heart transplant.

1/21/1922:Paul Scofield, actor.

1/21/1924:Telly Savalas (Aristotle Savalas), actor. (1925?)

1/21/1925:Alfred Hawthorn ("Benny") Hill, comedian.

1/21/1939:Wolfman Jack, DJ.

1/21/1940:Jack Nicklaus, golfer.

1/21/1941:Placido Domingo, Spanish opera star.

1/21/1942:Mac Davis, actor-songwriter.

1/21/1947:Jill Eikenberry, actress.

1/21/1950:Billy Ocean, musician-songwriter.

1/21/1956:Robby Benson (Robert Segal), actor.

1/21/1957:Geena Davis, actress.

1/21/1963:Akeem Aboul Olajuwon, basketball player. (1/23?)

1/21/1963:Detlef Schrempf, basketball player.

1/21/1968:Charlotte Ross, actress.

1/22/1440:Ivan "the Great" III, Russian Czar.

1/22/1561:Sir Francis Bacon, English philosopher and statesman.

1/22/1775:Andre Ampere, French physicist.

1/22/1788:Lord George Gordon Byron, British poet.

1/22/1802:Richard Upjohn, US architect.

1/22/1849:August Strindberg, Swedish dramatist.

1/22/1875:David (Lewelyn) Wark Griffith, film director ("Birth of a

         :Nation").

1/22/1890:Fred M. Vinson, Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court.

1/22/1907:Douglas Groce "Wrong Way" Corrigan, airplane mechanic.

1/22/1909:U Thant, UN Secretary-General.

1/22/1911:Ann Sothern (Harriet Lake), actress.

1/22/1928:Birch Bayh, former Indiana Senator.

1/22/1932:Piper Laurie (Rosetta Jacobs), actress.

1/22/1934:Bill Bixby, actor.

1/22/1935:Pierre S. du Pont IV, former Delaware Governor.

1/22/1935:Sam Cooke.

1/22/1937:Joseph Wambaugh, author ("The Choirboys") and ex-policeman.

1/22/1940:John Hurt, actor.

1/22/1949:Steve Perry, singer.

1/22/1957:Mike Bossy, hockey player.

1/22/1959:Linda Blair, actress.

1/22/1960:Michael Hutchence.

1/22/1965:Jazzy Jeff (Jeffrey A. Townes), DJ.

1/22/1967:Olivia d'Abo, actress.

1/23/1730:Joseph Hewes, signer of US Declaration of Independence.

1/23/1737:John Hancock, American patriot.

1/23/1752:Muzio Clementi, composer.

1/23/1783:Stendhal (a.k.a. Marie Henri Beyle), French author ("The Red and

         :the Black").

1/23/1785:Carl Adolph Agardh, algologist.

1/23/1832:Edouard Manet, French Impressionist painter.

1/23/1840:Ernst Abbe, formulator of diffraction theory.

1/23/1898:Sergei Eisenstein, Soviet film director.

1/23/1899:Joseph Nathan Kane, historian.

1/23/1903:Randolph Scott, actor.

1/23/1907:Dan Duryea, actor.

1/23/1907:Hideki Yukawa, Nobel physics laureate.

1/23/1915:Potter Stewart, Associate Justice of US Supreme Court.

1/23/1916:David Douglas Duncan, photojournalist and author.

1/23/1919:Ernie Kovacs, comedian.

1/23/1924:Frank R. Lautenberg, New Jersey Senator.

1/23/1928:Jeanne Moreau, actress.

1/23/1930:Derek Walcott.

1/23/1933:Chita Rivera (Conchita del Rivero), actress-singer ("West Side

         :Story").

1/23/1942:Willy Bogner Jr, German filmmaker.

1/23/1943:Gil Gerard, actor.

1/23/1944:Rutger Hauer, actor.

1/23/1950:Richard Dean Anderson, actor.

1/23/1953:Pat Haden, football player.

1/23/1957:Princess Caroline of Monaco.

1/23/1963:Hakeem Olajuwon. (1/21?)

1/23/1975:Balthazar Getty.

1/24/76  :Hadrian, Roman emperor.

1/24/1670:William Congreve, English dramatist.

1/24/1712:Frederick the Great of Prussia.

1/24/1732:Pierre Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais, French writer.

1/24/1800:Sir Edwin Chadwick, British social reformer.

1/24/1821:Angus Reach, Scotish author ("Clement Lorimer").

1/24/1862:Edith Wharton, US author.

1/24/1880:Elisabeth Achelis, proposed each year begin Sunday, etc.

1/24/1909:Jean Remington Hollander Yawkey, former owner of Red Sox.

1/24/1915:Mark Goodson, TV producer.

1/24/1915:Robert Motherwell, abstract painter.

1/24/1916:Jack Brickhouse, radio and TV announcer.

1/24/1917:Ernest Borgnine, actor. (1918?)

1/24/1918:Oral Roberts, evangelist.

1/24/1925:Maria Tallchief Paschen, ballet dancer.

1/24/1927:Paula Hawkins, former Florida Senator.

1/24/1941:Neil Diamond, singer.

1/24/1941:Ray Stevens, singer and songwriter.

1/24/1947:Warren Zevon.

1/24/1948:Elliot Abrams, former US State Department official.

1/24/1949:John Belushi, comedian.

1/24/1951:Yakov Smirnoff, comedian.

1/24/1960:Nastassja Kinski, actress.

1/24/1964:Robert Keith ("Ron") Dibble, baseball player.

1/24/1968:Mary Lou Retton, Olympic gymnast.

1/24/1979:Tatyana M. Ali, actress.

1/25/1627:Robert Boyle, Irish physicist, chemist, and author.

1/25/1759:Robert Burns, Scottish poet.

1/25/1783:William Colgate, soapmaker and philanthropist.

1/25/1860:Charles Curtis, 21st US vice president.

1/25/1874:W. Somerset Maugham, English author ("Of Human Bondage").

1/25/1882:Virginia Woolf, English novelist ("To the Lighthouse").

1/25/1904:Mildred Dunnock, actress.

1/25/1918:Ernie Harwell, baseball broadcaster.

1/25/1919:Edwin Newman, journalist and author.

1/25/1927:Gregg Palmer, actor.

1/25/1928:Eduard Amvrosiyevich Shevardnadze, leader of nation of Georgia.

1/25/1931:Dean Jones, actor.

1/25/1933:"Cory" Corazon (Maria) Aquino, Philippine political leader.

1/25/1934:Elizabeth Allen, actress-singer.

1/25/1935:Conrad Burns, Montana Senator.

1/25/1944:Leigh Taylor-Young, actress.

1/25/1959:Mark Duper, football player.

1/26/1715:Claude Helvetius, French philosopher.

1/26/1826:Julia Dent Grant, wife of Ulysses Simpson Grant.

1/26/1831:Mary Mapes Dodge.

1/26/1880:General Douglas MacArthur, WWII Allied forces commander.

1/26/1917:C. William Verity, former Secretary of Commerce.

1/26/1918:Philip Jose Farmer, science fiction writer.

1/26/1925:Paul Newman, actor.

1/26/1928:Eartha Kitt, singer.

1/26/1928:Roger Vadim, movie director.

1/26/1929:Jules Feiffer, cartoonist and playwright.

1/26/1932:Father George Harold Clements, civil rights leader.

1/26/1935:Bob Uecker, sports personality.

1/26/1944:Angela Davis, activist.

1/26/1946:Gene Siskel, film critic.

1/26/1957:Eddie Van Halen, singer and musician.

1/26/1958:Anita Baker, singer.

1/26/1961:Wayne Gretzky, hockey player.

1/26/1963:Andrew Ridgeley, musician.

1/27/1756:Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, composer.

1/27/1832:Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (a.k.a. Lewis Carroll Dodgson), author.

1/27/1850:Samuel Gompers, labor leader.

1/27/1885:Jerome Kern, Broadway composer.

1/27/1900:Admiral Hyman George Rickover, "father of the nuclear navy."

1/27/1918:Skitch Henderson, bandleader.

1/27/1921:Donna Reed, actress.

1/27/1930:Bobby "Blue" Bland (Robert Calvin Bland).

1/27/1931:Mordecai Richler, Canadian novelist ("The Apprenticeship of Duddy

         :Kravitz").

1/27/1936:Troy Donahue, actor. (1937?)

1/27/1944:Mairead Corrigan, pacifist.

1/27/1945:Nick Mason.

1/27/1948:Mikhail Baryshnikov, ballet dancer.

1/27/1956:Mimi Rogers, actress.

1/27/1959:Cris Collinsworth, football player.

1/27/1963:Bridget Fonda, actress.

1/28/1694:Peter Collinson, gardener of exotic plants.

1/28/1822:Alexander MacKenzie, Canadian prime minister and statesman.

1/28/1841:Sir Henry Morton Stanley, explorer and journalist.

1/28/1847:George Wright, baseball pioneer.

1/28/1853:Jose Julian Marti, Cuban revolutionary and poet.

1/28/1873:Colette, French novelist.

1/28/1884:Auguste Piccard, Swiss deep sea explorer and balloonist.

1/28/1884:Jean Felix Piccard, Swiss balloonist and cosmic-ray researcher.

1/28/1889:Arthur Rubinstein, concert pianist.

1/28/1912:Jackson Pollock, expressionist painter.

1/28/1929:Claes Oldenburg, Swedish artist.

1/28/1933:Susan Sontag, author.

1/28/1936:Alan Alda (Alphonso D'Abruzzo), actor.

1/28/1941:Richard Hoyt, writer ("Trotsky's Run").

1/28/1943:Susan Howard (Jeri Lynn Mooney), actress.

1/28/1951:Barbi Benton, actress and singer. (1950?)

1/28/1981:Elijah Wood.

1/29/1688:Emanuel Swedenborg, Swedish scientist and philosopher.

1/29/1737:Thomas Paine, American Revolutionary leader and corset-maker.

1/29/1756:General Henry "Light Horse Harry" Lee.

1/29/1843:William McKinley, 25th US president.

1/29/1860:Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, Russian dramatist.

1/29/1862:Frederick Delius, composer.

1/29/1912:Martha Wright Griffiths, political leader.

1/29/1912:"Professor" Irwin Corey, comedian.

1/29/1916:Victor Mature, actor.

1/29/1918:John Forsythe (John Freund), actor.

1/29/1923:Paddy Chayevsky, dramatist.

1/29/1939:Germaine Greer, author.

1/29/1942:Claudine Longet, actress.

1/29/1943:Katharine Ross, actress.

1/29/1945:Tom Selleck, actor.

1/29/1951:Ann Jillian, actress.

1/29/1954:Oprah Winfrey, TV personality.

1/29/1960:Greg Louganis, Olympic diver.

1/29/1960:Steve Sax, baseball player.

1/29/1967:Stacey (Ronald) King, basketball player.

1/29/1975:Sara Gilbert, actress.

1/29/1985:Athina Onassis.

1/30/1707:Georg Dionysius Ehret, botanical illustrator.

1/30/1866:Gelett Burgess, author ("The Purple Cow").

1/30/1882:Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 32nd US president.

1/30/1911:Roy Eldridge, jazz trumpeter.

1/30/1912:Barbara W. Tuchman, historian.

1/30/1914:John Ireland, actor.

1/30/1923:Dick Martin, comedian.

1/30/1924:Margaret Beda Nicholson (nee Margaret Yorke), author ("No Medals

         :for the Major").

1/30/1925:Dorothy Malone, actress.

1/30/1927:Olof Palme, Swedish Prime Minister.

1/30/1928:Harold Prince, producer and director.

1/30/1931:Gene Hackman, actor.

1/30/1931:Shirley Hazzard.

1/30/1933:Louis Rukeyser, host of "Wall $treet Week."

1/30/1934:Tammy Grimes, actress.

1/30/1935:Richard Brautigan.

1/30/1937:Boris Spassky, chess player.

1/30/1937:Vanessa Redgrave, actress.

1/30/1941:Richard B. Cheney, former US Defense Secretary.

1/30/1955:Curtis Strange, golfer.

1/30/1961:Jody Watley, singer.

1/31/1797:Franz Schubert, Austrian composer.

1/31/1872:Zane Grey, dentist and author ("Riders of the Purple Sage").

         :(1875?)

1/31/1881:Irving Langmuir, inventor of tungsten filament lamp.

1/31/1882:Anna Pavlova, Russian ballerina. (1/3/1885?)

1/31/1892:Eddie Cantor, singer.

1/31/1893:Freya Stark.

1/31/1903:Tallulah Bankhead, actress.

1/31/1905:John O'Hara.

1/31/1915:Garry Moore, TV personality.

1/31/1915:Thomas Merton.

1/31/1919:Jack Roosevelt ("Jackie") Robinson, baseball player.

1/31/1921:Mario Lanza, singer.

1/31/1923:Carol Channing, actress.

1/31/1923:Norman Mailer, novelist.

1/31/1925:Benjamin Hooks, civil rights leader.

1/31/1929:Jean Simmons, actress.

1/31/1931:Ernie "Mr. Cub" Banks, baseball executive.

1/31/1934:James Franciscus, actor.

1/31/1937:Philip Glass, composer.

1/31/1937:Suzanne Pleshette, actress.

1/31/1941:George S. Mickelson, South Dakota Governor.

1/31/1941:Richard Gephardt, politician.

1/31/1944:Jessica Walter, actress.

1/31/1947:Nolan Ryan, baseball player.

1/31/1951:Phil Collins, singer. (1/30?)

1:Human Resources Month

1:March of Dimes Birth Defects Prevention Month

1:National Careers in Cosmetology Month

1:National Eye Health Care Month

1:National Fiber Focus Month

1:National Hobby Month

1:National Oatmeal Month

1:National Soup Month

1:National Volunteer Blood Donor Month

1:Prune Breakfast Month

#: Events depending on weekdays

U(1/14):Meitlisunntig (Switzerland) (second Sunday).

M(1/19):Plough Monday (Monday after 1/12).

M(1/21):Lee-Jackson-King Day (Virginia) (third Monday).

M(1/21):Martin Luther King Jr's Birthday (third Monday).

M(1/21):National Clean-Off-Your-Desk Day (third Monday).

M(1/21):Robert E. Lee's Birthday (Alabama and Mississippi).

F(1/21):Hat Day (third friday).

S(1/21):Hot and Spicy Food International Day (third Saturday).

U(1/21):World Religion Day (third Sunday).

F(1/28):Spouse's Day (fourth Friday).

U(1/28):Lee Birthday Celebrations (Virginia) (fourth Sunday).

T(1/31):Up Helly AA (Scotland) (last Tuesday).

S(1/31):Rattlesnake Round-up (last Saturday).

#: Normal events

1/1      :Anniversary of the Triumph of the Rvolution (Cuba).

1/1      :Announcement of ten best puns of the Year (Canada).

1/1      :Bonza Bottler Day.

1/1      :Independence Day (Haiti and Sudan).

1/1      :Mummers New Year's Day Parade (Philadelphia).

1/1      :New Year's Day.

1/1      :Shi ho hai, Worship of the Four Directions (Japan).

1/1      :Universal Fraternity Day (Mazambique).

1/1      :Z Day (recognition to people and places whose names begin with Z).

1/1/1660 :Samuel Pepys recorded the first entry in his diary.

1/1/1673 :Regular mail delivery (mounted) began between New York City and

         :Boston.

1/1/1716 :William Wycherley, playwright ("The Country Wife"), died.

1/1/1737 :Pier Antonio Micheli, botanist, died.

1/1/1785 :First issue of London Times published.

1/1/1787 :Arthur Middleton, American Revolutionary leader, died.

1/1/1801 :First asteroid discovered (Ceres).

1/1/1804 :Hatian proclamation of independence.

1/1/1808 :It became illegal to import slaves to the US.

1/1/1833 :Britain declared sovereignty over the Falkland Islands.

1/1/1863 :US Emancipation Proclamation took effect.

1/1/1892 :Ellis Island opened for processing arriving immigrants to US.

1/1/1899 :Cuba liberated from Spanish rule.

1/1/1901 :The Commonwealth of Australia created.

1/1/1902 :First "Rose Bowl" (Michigan 49, Stanford 0).

1/1/1908 :First correspondence school in aviation opened (New York City).

1/1/1928 :"The Chinese Parrot", first self-contained Charlie Chan film,

         :released.

1/1/1939 :Hewlett-Packard formed (1/31?).

1/1/1946 :Dashiell Hammett's Sam Spade debuted on CBS radio.

1/1/1953 :Hank Williams, country-western singer, died.

1/1/1956 :Sudan proclaimed a sovereign independent republic.

1/1/1959 :Cuban revolution led by Fidel Castro ended.

1/1/1969 :Council on Environmental Quality established.

1/1/1970 :Beginning of time for Unix systems.

1/1/1975 :Mitchell, Ehrlichman, and Haldeman convicted on all counts

         :(Watergate).

1/1/1978 :Copyright revision law went into effect.

1/1/1984 :Divestiture of AT&T.

1/1/1992 :Rear Admiral Grace Hopper died.

1/1/1994 :Cesar Romero, actor, died.

1/2      :Ancestors Day (Haiti).

1/2      :Kakizome (Japan).

1/2      :New Years Holiday (UK and Ireland).

1/2      :Passport Presentation (USSR).

1/2      :Saint Berchtold's Day (Switzerland).

1/2/1521 :Martin Luther banned by a papal bull.

1/2/1788 :Georgia became the fourth US state.

1/2/1800 :Free black commission of Philadelphia petitioned US Congress to

         :abolish slavery.

1/2/1870 :Construction of Brooklyn Bridge began. (1/3?)

1/2/1882 :Standard Oil Co of Ohio organized as a trust.

1/2/1893 :First commemorative US postage stamp issued (Columbia issue).

1/2/1921 :Religious services first broadcast on radio (KDKA, Pittsburgh).

1/2/1935 :Lindbergh kidnapping trial began.

1/2/1942 :Japanese forces occupied Manila.

1/2/1942 :Sinclair Lewis and Dorothy Thompson divorced.

1/2/1959 :Luna 1 (USSR) (first flyby of the Moon) launched.

1/2/1965 :Joe Namath signed a contract with the New York Jets ($427,000).

1/2/1968 :Second successful heart transplant performed (Dr. Christiaan

         :Barnard).

1/2/1971 :"No Fault" divorce law effective in California.

1/2/1971 :US Congress banned radio and TV advertising of cigarettes.

1/2/1974 :55 mph speed limit established by US Congress.

1/3      :Genshi sai, Second Official New Year Holiday (Japan).

1/3      :New Years Holiday (Scotland).

1/3      :Revolution Day (Upper Volta).

1/3      :US Congress Assembles.

1/3/1777 :Battle of Princeton (New Jersey).

1/3/1795 :Josiah Wedgewood, English pottery designer and manufacturer, died.

1/3/1825 :Robert Owen bought 30,000 acres for New Harmony, Indiana.

1/3/1863 :Battle of Stone's River (Tennessee) ended.

1/3/1870 :Brooklyn Bridge groundbreaking. (1/2?)

1/3/1872 :First US patent list issued.

1/3/1920 :Babe Ruth sold to New York Yankees by Boston Red Sox.

1/3/1923 :Jaroslav Hasek, novelist ("The Good Soldier Schweik"), died.

1/3/1925 :Oldest greyhound track (Derby Lane) opened.

1/3/1938 :First "March of Dimes" anti-polio campaign organized.

1/3/1947 :Opening of US Congress first televised.

1/3/1952 :"Dragnet" premiered on NBC-TV.

1/3/1958 :Edmund Hillary reached the South Pole.

1/3/1959 :Alaska became the 49th US state.

1/3/1961 :Experimental reactor near Idaho Falls, Idaho killed three workers.

1/3/1961 :US severed diplomatic ties with Cuba.

1/3/1964 :Russia first bought Wheat from the US.

1/3/1967 :Jack Ruby, assassin of Lee Harvey Oswald, died.

1/3/1969 :30,000 copies of "Two Virgins" confiscated in Newark, New Jersey

         :for pornography violations.

1/3/1973 :George Steinbrenner bought the New York Yankees.

1/3/1977 :Apple Computer founded.

1/3/1980 :Alfred Hitchcock knighted.

1/3/1980 :BSD Unix 3.0 released.

1/3/1986 :Liberty Foundation (political party organized by Jerry Falwell)

         :formed.

1/3/1993 :Johnny Most, Boston Celtics announcer, died.

1/4      :Independence Day (Myanmar).

1/4      :Martyrs Day (Zaire).

1/4      :Trivia Day.

1/4/1780 :Snowstorm hit Washington's army at Morristown, New Jersey.

1/4/1789 :Thomas Nelson, signer of the Declaration of Independence, died.

1/4/1790 :First address delivered to US Congress (George Washington).

1/4/1821 :First US-born saint (Mother Elizabeth Ann Bayley Seton) died.

1/4/1885 :First US appendectomy performed (Dr. William Grant of Davenport,

         :Iowa).

1/4/1896 :Utah became the 45th US state.

1/4/1937 :10,000 Italian troops landed in Spain to aid in the Spanish Civil

         :War.

1/4/1941 :Henri Bergson, French philosopher, died.

1/4/1941 :Screen version of "High Sierra" released.

1/4/1948 :Burma became an independent nation.

1/4/1951 :Chinese and North Koreans captured Seoul, South Korea.

1/4/1958 :Sputnik 1 destroyed on reentry.

1/4/1960 :Albert Camus, French writer and philosopher, died.

1/4/1962 :First automatic subway train (New York City).

1/4/1965 :Thomas Stearns Eliot, poet, died.

1/4/1979 :Charlie Mingus, jazz musician, died.

1/4/1986 :Christopher William Isherwood, author ("Sally Bowles"), died.

1/4/1987 :Amtrak/Conrail collision (16 killed).

1/5      :Shinnen Enkai, Third Official New Year Holiday (Japan).

1/5      :Twelfth-night.

1/5/1066 :Saint Edward the Confessor, son of Ethelred the Unready, died.

1/5/1796 :Samuel Huntington, President of Continental Congress, died.

1/5/1860 :Saint John Nepomucene Neumann, first male US saint, died.

1/5/1885 :First piggyback railroad operation (Long Island Railway).

1/5/1895 :Auguste Jaccard died.

1/5/1896 :Discovery of X-rays published in an Australian newspaper.

1/5/1914 :Ford Motor Co adjusted wages from $2.34 for 9 hours to $5 for 8

         :hours.

1/5/1920 :Yankees announced the acquisition of Babe Ruth from the Red Sox.

1/5/1925 :First woman governor sworn in (Mrs. Nellie Taylor Ross of

         :Wyoming).

1/5/1933 :Calvin Coolidge, 30th US president, died.

1/5/1934 :Second Fenway Park fire destroyed nearly all the new construction.

1/5/1940 :FCC heard first demonstration of FM radio.

1/5/1943 :George Washington Carver, US agricultural scientist, died.

1/5/1948 :Mary Scott Lord Dimmick Harrison, second wife of Benjamin

         :Harrison, died.

1/5/1959 :Bozo the Clown (TV show) debuted.

1/5/1968 :Dr. Spock indicted on draft law violations.

1/5/1971 :The Globetrotters lost to the Washington Generals (100-99).

1/5/1972 :NASA announced the start of the space shuttle program.

1/5/1975 :"The Wiz" opened on Broadway.

1/5/1981 :"Yorkshire Ripper" arrested in England.

1/5/1982 :Arkansas creationism law struck down in US Federal court.

1/5/1987 :First US budget proposal greater than $1 trillion sent to

         :Congress.

1/5/1988 :Pete Maravich died.

1/5/1994 :Thomas P. "Tip" O'Neill, Jr., former Speaker of the US House,

         :died.

1/6      :Armenian Christmas.

1/6      :Children's Day (Uraguay).

1/6      :La Befana (Italy).

1/6      :Maroon Festival (Jamaica).

1/6      :Three Kings' Day (Puerto Rico).

1/6/1540 :King Henry VIII married Anne of Cleves.

1/6/1759 :George Washington married Martha Dandridge Custis.

1/6/1785 :Haym Salomon, American Revolutionary War patriot, died.

1/6/1794 :Edward Gibbon, English historian, died. (1/16?)

1/6/1815 :US Congress levied a $6 million tax to finance the War of 1812.

1/6/1838 :Samuel F.B. Morse and Alfred Vail demonstrated the telegraph.

1/6/1840 :Fanny Burney, novelist ("Evelina"), died.

1/6/1912 :New Mexico became the 47th US state.

1/6/1919 :Theodore Roosevelt, 26th US president, died.

1/6/1936 :US Agricultural Adjustment Administration declared

         :unconstitutional.

1/6/1941 :Lend-Lease bill submitted to US congress.

1/6/1944 :Ida M. Tarbell, historian, died.

1/6/1945 :George Bush married Barbara Pierce.

1/6/1950 :Britain formally recognized the communist government of China.

1/6/1974 :"The CBS Radio Mystery Theatre" premiered.

1/6/1983 :Ronald Reagan raised gasoline taxes $.05.

1/6/1984 :First test tube quadruplets (all boys) born (Melbourne).

1/6/1986 :Nuclear accident at Kerr-McGee plant, Gore, Oklahoma (1 killed).

1/7      :Bullfinch Exchange Festival (USOKAE) (Japan).

1/7      :Christmas (Ethopia).

1/7      :Nanakusa, Seven Grasses Festival (Japan).

1/7      :Pioneer's Day (Liberia).

1/7/1450 :University of Glasgow founded in Scotland.

1/7/1610 :First three satellites of Jupiter discovered (Galileo).

1/7/1714 :First typewriter patented.

1/7/1784 :First seed supply business established in US (David Landreth,

         :Philadelphia).

1/7/1785 :First balloon flight across English channel.

1/7/1789 :First nationwide US presidential election held.

1/7/1798 :Britain introduced the world's first income tax.

1/7/1839 :Daguerrotype photographic process presented to the French Academy

         :of Science.

1/7/1896 :Fannie Farmer published the first edition of "Boston Cooking

         :School Cook Book."

1/7/1914 :First passage through the Panama Canal.

1/7/1927 :The Globetrotters debuted.

1/7/1942 :Siege of Bataan began.

1/7/1944 :Lou Henry Hoover, wife of Herbert Hoover, died.

1/7/1949 :First photograph of genes announced (Los Angeles).

1/7/1955 :First black singer performed at Metropolitan Opera in New York

         :(Marian Anderson).

1/7/1958 :Bobby Fischer captured the US chess championship (14 years old).

1/7/1963 :US postage raised to $.05 for first class letters.

1/7/1968 :Len Zinberg (a.k.a. Ed Lacy), author ("Room to Swing"), died.

1/7/1968 :Surveyor VII landed on moon.

1/7/1971 :DDT banned in US.

1/7/1971 :Dr. William H. Masters and Virginia E. Johnson married.

1/7/1972 :John Berryman, poet, killed himself.

1/7/1989 :Hirohito, Japanese Emperor, died.

1/8      :Midwife's Day or Women's Day (Greece).

1/8      :National Joygerm Day.

1/8/1713 :Arcangelo Corelli, Italian composer and virtuoso violinist, died.

1/8/1798 :11th amendment added to the US Constitution.

1/8/1815 :Battle of New Orleans.

1/8/1867 :Blacks allowed to vote in Washington DC.

1/8/1889 :Herman Hollerith patented first data processing computer.

1/8/1918 :Woodrow Wilson presented his 14 Points speech.

1/8/1941 :Lord Robert Baden-Powell, founder of the Boy Scout movement, died.

1/8/1964 :Lyndon Johnson declared war against poverty.

1/8/1973 :Luna 21, Russian space vehicle, launched.

1/8/1973 :Trial of the "Watergate 7" began.

1/8/1975 :First woman Governor without succeeding husband (Ella Grasso).

1/8/1976 :Chou En-Lai, Chinese Premier, died.

1/8/1982 :AT&T lost antitrust case.

1/8/1982 :Justice Department dropped IBM suit.

1/8/1990 :Terry-Thomas died.

1/8/1994 :Harvey Haddix, threw 12-innings of perfect baseball (and lost),

         :died.

1/9      :Feast of the Black Nazarene (Philippines).

1/9      :Martyrs' Day (Panama).

1/9      :Show and Tell Day at Work.

1/9/1324 :Marco Polo, traveller and memoirist, died.

1/9/1788 :Connecticut became the fifth US state.

1/9/1793 :First manned US balloon flight.

1/9/1861 :Mississippi seceded from the Union.

1/9/1945 :US troops invaded the Philippine island of Luzon.

1/9/1968 :Surveyor VII (US) soft landed on the moon.

1/9/1969 :The Concorde jetliner made its first test flight (Bristol,

         :England).

1/9/1972 :The Queen Elizabeth was gutted by fire while docked in Hong Kong.

1/9/1976 :Phoebe Atwood Taylor, mystery author, died.

1/9/1980 :Apollo Computer created.

1/9/1982 :5.9 earthquake (E. Canada and New England).

1/9/1986 :IRS announced it'd withhold refunds from government loan

         :defaulters.

1/10/1776:"Common Sense" by Thomas Paine published.

1/10/1778:Carolus Linnaeus, Swedish father of modern systematic botany,

         :died.

1/10/1794:Johann Georg Adam Forster, natural historian, died.

1/10/1861:Florida seceded from the Union.

1/10/1863:First subway opened (London).

1/10/1870:Standard Oil incorporated.

1/10/1883:Dr. Samuel A. Mudd, gave medical aid to John Wilkes Booth, died.

1/10/1901:First oil gusher (Beaumont, Texas).

1/10/1917:William Frederick "Buffalo Bill" Cody, US frontiersman, died.

1/10/1920:League of Nations came into being.

1/10/1925:Second woman US governor sworn in (Miriam "Ma" Ferguson of Texas).

1/10/1928:Exile of Leon Trotsky ordered by Soviet officials.

1/10/1946:First meeting of the UN General Assembly (London).

1/10/1946:First radar signal to Moon (from Belmar, New Jersey).

1/10/1947:Burton Lane's "Finian's Rainbow" opened on Broadway.

1/10/1951:(Harry) Sinclair Lewis, novelist ("Main Street"), died.

1/10/1957:Harold Macmillan succeeded Anthony Eden as British Prime Minister.

1/10/1960:First CDC 1604 delivered (to US Navy).

1/10/1967:National Educational Television (forerunner of PBS) began

         :operation.

1/10/1972:Milwaukee ended the Los Angeles Lakers 33 game winning streak.

1/10/1975:Soyuz 17 (USSR) launched.

1/10/1976:Howlin' Wolf, blues guitarist, died.

1/10/1978:Soyuz 27 (USSR) launched.

1/10/1980:George Meany, labor leader, died.

1/10/1984:US established full diplomatic relations with the Vatican.

1/11     :Armed Forces Day (Liberia).

1/11     :De Hostos' Birthday (Puerto Rico).

1/11     :National Unity Day (Nepal).

1/11     :Sherlock Holmes Birthday Breakfast (Algonquin Hotel, New York).

1/11/1753:Hans Sloane, British physician, died.

1/11/1770:Rhubarb first imported into the US (from Mongolia).

1/11/1775:First Jew to hold elective office in the New World (Francis

         :Salvador, South Carolina).

1/11/1785:The Continental Congress convened (New York City).

1/11/1836:John Molson, patriarch of the Molson brewery family, died.

1/11/1843:Francis Scott Key, composer ("Star-Spangled Banner"), died.

1/11/1853:First ship run by steam.

1/11/1861:Alabama seceded from the Union.

1/11/1864:Charing Cross Station (London) opened.

1/11/1928:Thomas Hardy died.

1/11/1935:First woman flew from Hawaii to California (Amelia Earhart

         :Putnam).

1/11/1942:Japan invaded the Dutch East Indies.

1/11/1943:Franklin Roosevelt called for $100 billion for the war effort.

1/11/1962:Helen Reilly, former Mystery Writers of America president, died.

1/11/1963:Whiskey-A-Go-Go opened (Los Angeles).

1/11/1964:US Surgeon General named cigarettes a "health hazard."

1/11/1973:Designated hitter rule adopted by American League.

1/11/1984:US Supreme Court reinstated a $10 million award to the family of

         :Karen Silkwood.

1/11/1988:Gregory (Pappy) Boyington, WWII flying ace, died.

1/12     :Zanzibar Revolution Day (Tanzania).

1/12/1747:Lottery announced to establish King's College (later Columbia

         :University).

1/12/1773:First museum established in America (Charleston).

1/12/1777:Mission Santa Clara de Asis founded.

1/12/1812:First cargo shipped down the Mississippi River.

1/12/1839:Anthracite coal first used to smelt iron (Mauch Chunk,

         :Pennsylvania).

1/12/1853:First US west coast university established (Willamette).

1/12/1880:Ellen Lewis Herndon Arthur, wife of Chester Alan Arthur, died.

1/12/1915:US Congress rejected a bill giving women the right to vote.

1/12/1932:Hattie Caraway, first woman elected US Senator (Arkansas).

1/12/1937:Submarine cable plow patented.

1/12/1943:Standard frankfurters replaced by "Victory Sausages."

1/12/1948:Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi began his final fast.

1/12/1949:"Criss Cross" released.

1/12/1958:Two point conversion added to football by NCAA.

1/12/1966:"Batman" (the TV show) debuted. (1/13?)

1/12/1971:Reverend Philip Berrigan and others indicted on charges of

         :plotting to kidnap Henry Kissinger.

1/12/1976:Agatha Christie, English mystery writer, died.

1/12/1991:US Congress authorized use of force against Iraq.

1/12/1992:HAL-9000 computer became operational (movie).

1/12/1997:HAL-9000 computer will become operational (book).

1/13     :National Liberation Day (Togo).

1/13     :Stephen Foster Memorial Day.

1/13/1733:Georgia, last of the 13 original American colonies, established.

1/13/1794:Congress added stars and stripes for Vermont and Kentucky.

1/13/1864:Stephen Foster, composer ("My Old Kentucky Home"), died.

1/13/1885:Schuyler Colfax, 17th US vice president, died.

1/13/1888:National Geographic Society founded.

1/13/1910:First radio broadcast to the public (New York).

1/13/1928:Ruth Brown Snyder and Henry Judd Gray, murderers, executed.

1/13/1941:James Joyce, Irish novelist, died.

1/13/1942:Operation Drum Roll (German U-boat harassment campaign) began.

1/13/1957:"Flyin' Saucers" (precursor to Frisbee) debuted.

1/13/1962:Ernie Kovacs, comedian, died.

1/13/1966:"Batman" (the TV show) debuted. (1/12?)

1/13/1972:New York ruled that a woman may become a professional baseball

         :umpire.

1/13/1978:Hubert Horatio Humphrey, 38th US vice president, died.

1/13/1982:An Air Florida Boeing 737 crashed in Washington D.C. (78 killed).

1/14     :Vinegrower's Day (Bulgaria).

1/14     :Winfield Cup (Australia).

1/14/1205:"Great Freeze" (lasted until March 22nd) England.

1/14/1742:Edmund Halley, English astronomer and mathematician, died.

1/14/1784:Treaty of Paris ratified.

1/14/1799:Eli Whitney received a US government contract for 10,000 muskets.

1/14/1898:Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (a.k.a. Lewis Carroll Dodgson), author,

         :died.

1/14/1914:Henry Ford introduced the "assembly line" (Model-T each 90

         :minutes).

1/14/1930:George and Ira Gershwin's "Strike Up the Band" opened on Broadway.

1/14/1938:National Society for the Legalization of Euthanasia formed (New

         :York City).

1/14/1940:FBI agents seized 18 people in New York City and charged them

         :with conspiring to overthrow the government.

1/14/1952:"Today" show first aired.

1/14/1954:Joe DiMaggio married Marilyn Monroe.

1/14/1957:Humphrey DeForest Bogart, actor ("Maltese Falcon"), died.

1/14/1967:The Human Be-In (San Fransisco).

1/14/1969:Explosions on USS Enterprise (10 killed).

1/14/1969:First docking of two manned spacecraft (Soyuz 4 and Soyuz 5).

1/14/1970:Diana Ross made her farewell appearance with The Supremes.

1/14/1985:British pound hit $1.11.

1/15     :Adults Day (Japan).

1/15     :Arbor Day (Jordan).

1/15     :Humanitarian Day (Chicago region).

1/15     :Moliere Day (France).

1/15     :Motorfest (Australia).

1/15     :Texas State Championship Domino Tournament.

1/15/1759:British Museum opened.

1/15/1797:Top Hat first worn (John Etherington, London).

1/15/1831:First US-built passenger locomotive, began (Charleston - Hamburg,

         :South Carolina).

1/15/1865:Edward Everett, American statesman, died.

1/15/1870:Donkey first used as symbol for Democratic Party (T. Nast,

         :Harper's Weekly).

1/15/1876:Eliza McCardle Johnson, wife of Andrew Johnson, died.

1/15/1893:Frances "Fanny" Anne Kemble, English actress, died.

1/15/1919:Purity Distilling Co exploded, flooding Boston with molasses (21

         :killed).

1/15/1943:The Pentagon was completed.

1/15/1947:Elizabeth Short (a.k.a. Black Dahlia) found murdered.

1/15/1950:Henry H. "Hap" Arnold, US Army Air Force General, died.

1/15/1953:Aristotle Onasis gained control of the Monte Carlo casino.

1/15/1967:Super Bowl I (Green Bay 35, Kansas City 10).

1/15/1968:"The Man from U.N.C.L.E." aired its final episode.

1/15/1973:President Richard Nixon halted military offensives in Vietnam.

1/15/1977:First US prisoner executed in more than a decade (Gary Gilmore).

1/15/1982:Walter Wesley "Red" Smith, sports columnist, died.

1/15/1987:Ray Bolger, actor and dancer, died.

1/15/1993:Sammy Cahn, songwriter, died.

1/16     :Haru-No-Yabuiri (Japan).

1/16     :Martyrs Day (Benin).

1/16     :National Nothing Day (started 1973).

1/16/1599:Edmund Spenser, English poet ("The Faerie Queene"), died.

1/16/1786:Virginia adopted a religious freedom statute.

1/16/1794:Edward Gibbon, English historian ("The Decline and Fall of the

         :Roman Empire"), died. (1/6?)

1/16/1883:US Civil Service established.

1/16/1894:Aleksandr Fedorovich Middendorf, natural historian, died.

1/16/1906:Marshall Field, Chicago department store founder, died.

1/16/1919:18th Amendment to the US Constitution (prohibition) ratified.

1/16/1920:18th Amendment to the US Constitution (prohibition) became

         :effective.

1/16/1925:Leon Trotsky dismissed as chairman of the Russian Revolutionary

         :Military Council.

1/16/1936:Albert "the Cannibal" Fish, child murderer, executed (Sing Sing).

1/16/1939:"I Love a Mystery", radio show, debuted.

1/16/1942:Carole Lombard, actress, died.

1/16/1944:"I Wake Up Screaming" released.

1/16/1957:First nonstop round-the-world flight.

1/16/1958:Caroll John Daly, mystery writer, died.

1/16/1962:First day of filming "Dr. No."

1/16/1964:"Hello, Dolly!" opened on Broadway.

1/16/1973:Last "Bonanza" episode.

1/16/1973:Luna 21 (USSR) landed on the moon.

1/16/1973:Simba, history's largest lion, died.

1/16/1979:Set uid bit patent issued.

1/16/1980:Gold at $760/ounce (London).

1/16/1984:Development of SDI (a.k.a. "Star Wars") authorized.

1/16/1991:US and allies airstrike against Iraq.

1/17     :Blessing of the Animals at the Cathedral (Mexico).

1/17     :Constitution Day (Philippines).

1/17     :Liberation Day (Poland).

1/17/1781:Battle of Cowpens, South Carolina.

1/17/1893:Queen Liliuokalani of Hawaii deposed.

1/17/1893:Rutherford Birchard Hayes, 19th US president, died.

1/17/1910:Thomas Crapper, said to have developed toilet mechanism, died.

1/17/1917:US Virgin Islands purchased from Denmark ($25 million). (3/31?)

1/17/1926:George Burns married Gracie Allen.

1/17/1927:Juliette Gordon Low, Girl Scouts founder, died.

1/17/1933:Louis Comfort Tiffany, stained-glass artist, died.

1/17/1935:Philippine constitution ratified.

1/17/1945:Poland liberated from Nazi oppression by Soviet troops.

1/17/1946:UN Security Council first met.

1/17/1950:$1.5 million stolen from a Brink's armored car (by 9 men in

         :Boston).

1/17/1955:First nuclear submarine (Nautilus) launched (11:00 am). (1954?)

1/17/1961:Eisenhower's Farewell Address.

1/17/1966:Hydrogen bomb accident (Palomares, Spain).

1/17/1969:Justice Department began IBM suit.

1/17/1969:Led Zeppelin's first albumn released.

1/17/1974:Pink Floyd started recording "Dark Side of the Moon."

1/17/1981:Bernard Lee, actor, died.

1/17/1985:Toyota made its 50 millionth car.

1/17/1987:253.1 million shares traded on the New York Stock Exchange.

1/18     :Revolution Day (Tunisia).

1/18/1535:Pizarro found Lima, Peru.

1/18/1778:James Cook discovered the Hawaiian Islands (named them Sandwich

         :Islands).

1/18/1788:First shipload of convicts landed at Australia's Botany Bay.

1/18/1854:William Walker proclaimed himself president of Sonora (Sonora,

         :Mexico and Baja, California).

1/18/1862:John Tyler, 10th US president, died.

1/18/1871:William of Prussia declared first German Emperor.

1/18/1911:First landing of an airplane on a ship.

1/18/1912:Robert F. Scott reached the South Pole.

1/18/1919:Versailles Peace Conference opened.

1/18/1936:Rudyard Kipling, English writer, died.

1/18/1943:Commercial bakeries ordered to cease selling sliced bread.

1/18/1943:Siege of Leningrad ended.

1/18/1944:First Chinese granted naturalized citizenship (E.B. Kan).

1/18/1966:Indira Gandhi became Prime Minister of India.

1/18/1991:Eastern Airlines went out of business.

1/19     :Archbishop Makarios Name Day (Cyprus).

1/19     :Confederate Heroes Day (Texas).

1/19     :Ethiopian Epiphany (Ethiopia).

1/19     :Nameday of Archbishop Makarios (Cyprus).

1/19     :Robert Edward Lee's Birthday (Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi,

         :South Carolina, and Tennessee).

1/19/1840:Antarctica first sighted (Charles Wilkes).

1/19/1853:Verdi's "Il Trovatore" premiered in Rome.

1/19/1861:Georgia seceded from the Union.

1/19/1903:First transatlantic radio broadcast (Cape Cod).

1/19/1915:First neon-tube sign patented.

1/19/1938:Spanish Nationalist Air Force bombed Barcelona and Valencia (700

         :killed).

1/19/1946:International Tribunal for Far East war criminals appointed.

1/19/1965:"Cheating" scandal rocked the US Air Force Academy (105 cadets

         :resigned).

1/19/1975:China published a new state constitution.

1/19/1975:Thomas Hart Benton, US painter, died.

1/19/1977:Iva Toguri D'Aquino ("Tokyo Rose") pardoned.

1/19/1978:Last German Volkswagen Beetle produced.

1/19/1979:John Mitchell freed from jail.

1/19/1980:William Orville Douglas, US Supreme Court Justice, died.

1/19/1988:Beatles joined Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

1/20     :Army Day (Lesotho and Mali).

1/20     :Inauguration Day.

1/20     :"Mobius" Awards (TV and Radio Commercials).

1/20     :National Heroes Day (Guinea-Bissau).

1/20     :Saint Agnes Eve.

1/20     :Thaipusam (Singapore).

1/20/1265:Britain's House of Commons met for the first time.

1/20/1779:David Garrick, British actor, died.

1/20/1783:Preliminary cessation of hostilities signed (US Revolutionary

         :War).

1/20/1801:John Marshall appointed Chief Justice.

1/20/1841:China ceded Hong Kong to Great Britain.

1/20/1887:Pearl Harbor leased from Hawaii to use as a naval port.

1/20/1892:First officially recognized basketball game played (Springfield,

         :Massachusetts).

1/20/1900:John Ruskin, critic ("Modern Painters"), died.

1/20/1900:R.D. Blackmore, English novelist ("Lorna Doone"), died.

1/20/1920:ACLU founded.

1/20/1936:George V of England died.

1/20/1936:Edward VIII became English Sovereign.

1/20/1962:Robinson Jeffers, US poet and playwright, died.

1/20/1980:US President Carter announced that the US will not participate in

         :the Moscow Summer Olympics.

1/20/1981:Iran released US hostages after 444 days.

1/20/1986:Martin Luther King Day first observed as a federal holiday.

1/21     :National Hugging Day.

1/21     :Our Lady of Altagracia (Dominican Republic).

1/21/1609:Joseph Justus Scaliger, French inventor of "Julian Period", died.

1/21/1789:First US novel published ("The Power of Sympathy; or, The Triumph

         :of Nature").

1/21/1793:Louis XVI, French King, executed (Paris).

1/21/1861:Jefferson Davis, Mississippi Senator, resigned.

1/21/1892:US ultimatum to Chile.

1/21/1908:New York City banned women from smoking in public or private

         :places.

1/21/1915:First Kiwanis Club chartered (Detroit).

1/21/1924:Nikolai Lenin (Vladimir Ilyitch Ulyanov), leader of Russia's 1917

         :Communist revolution, died.

1/21/1928:George Washington Goethals, US engineer and Army officer, died.

1/21/1944:"Sherlock Holmes and the Spider Woman" released.

1/21/1946:"The Fat Man" premiered on ABC.

1/21/1954:First gas-turbine automobile publicly introduced (New York City).

1/21/1956:Muppets created.

1/21/1959:Cecil Blount de Mille, movie producer, died.

1/21/1977:Vietnam War-era draft evaders pardoned.

1/21/1990:Barbara Stanwyck (Ruby Stevens), actress, died.

1/21/1990:First player ejected from the Australian Open (John McEnroe).

1/22     :Answer Your Cat's Question Day.

1/22     :National School Nurse Day.

1/22/1531:Andrea del Sarto, Italian painter, died.

1/22/1673:Postal route between Boston and New York City began.

1/22/1771:Falkland Islands ceded to Britain (by Spain).

1/22/1798:Lewis Morris, signer of US Declaration of Independence, died.

1/22/1832:Mary Hays McCauley (nee Ludwig) (a.k.a. Molly Pitcher), US

         :Revolutionary War heroine, died.

1/22/1863:Army of the Potomac stopped by thirty hours of steady rain.

1/22/1876:Wisconsin Supreme Court rejected Lavinia Goddell because she was

         :a woman.

1/22/1901:Queen Victoria died.

1/22/1901:King Edward VII became English Sovereign.

1/22/1905:"Red Sunday" - demonstrating Russian workers fired on by Imperial

         :troops.

1/22/1922:Pope Benedict XV (Giacomo dela Chiesa), 258th pope, died.

1/22/1932:Hoover's RFC.

1/22/1938:"Our Town" first performed publicly (Princeton, New Jersey).

1/22/1944:US troops established a beachhead at Anzio, Italy.

1/22/1972:David Bowie announced he was gay.

1/22/1973:Lyndon Baines Johnson, 36th US president, died.

1/22/1973:Roe v. Wade decision handed down.

1/22/1981:Jimmy Carter visited the freed US hostages in West Germany.

1/22/1987:Human-powered flight record broken (37.2 miles, Glen Tremml).

1/22/1987:R. Budd Dwyer, Pennsylvania State Treasurer, shot himself.

1/22/1994:Telly Savalas, actor, died.

1/23     :Babin Den (Bulgaria).

1/23     :Feast of Saint Ildefonsus.

1/23     :National Handwriting Day.

1/23     :National Pie Day.

1/23     :One-Tooth Rhee Landing Day.

1/23/1789:First US Catholic college established (Georgetown).

1/23/1800:Edward Rutledge, signer of the US Declaration of Independence,

         :died.

1/23/1806:William Pitt, British statesman, died.

1/23/1845:US national election ruled to be on first Tuesday following first

         :Monday in November.

1/23/1849:First US female physician earned MD (Elizabeth Blackwell).

1/23/1891:First interracial hospital (Provident Hospital, Chicago).

1/23/1893:Phillips Brooks, US clergyman and composer, died.

1/23/1909:First radio rescue at sea.

1/23/1920:Dutch government refused to hand over the ex-kaiser of Germany.

1/23/1931:Anna Pavlova, Russian ballerina, died.

1/23/1941:Kurt Weill and Ira Gershwin's "Lady in the Dark" opened on

         :Broadway.

1/23/1943:Alexander Woollcott, drama critic, died during a radio broadcast.

1/23/1947:"Lady in the Lake" (movie version) released.

1/23/1950:Eric Arthur Blair (George Orwell), British author ("1984"), died.

1/23/1962:Kim Philby, Soviet spy, defected.

1/23/1964:"After the Fall" opened.

1/23/1964:24th Amendment to US Constitution (eliminating poll tax) ratified.

1/23/1968:USS Pueblo seized by North Korean forces.

1/23/1973:Richard Nixon announced fighting in Vietnam would end midnight

         :January 27th.

1/23/1975:"Barney Miller" premiered on ABC.

1/23/1976:Paul Robeson died.

1/23/1977:"Roots" began its TV broadcast.

1/23/1981:Samuel Barber died.

1/23/1983:Bjorn Borg retired from tennis competition.

1/23/1985:James Beard, food expert, died.

1/23/1988:Salvador Dali, surrealist artist, died.

1/23/1992:Dr, Brendan Leahey, performed the first successful corneal

         :transplant, died.

1/24     :Economic Liberation Day (Togo).

1/24/1813:George Clymer, signer of US Declaration of Independence, died.

1/24/1848:Gold discovered in California at (Sutter's Mill by J.W. Marshal).

1/24/1895:Lord Randolph Henry Spencer Churchill, British statesman and

         :father of Sir Winston, died.

1/24/1899:Rubber heel patented.

1/24/1908:First Boy Scout troop organized (Sir Baden-Powell, England).

1/24/1916:US Supreme Court ruled that an income tax was unconstitutional.

1/24/1922:First ice cream bar (Eskimo Pie) patented.

1/24/1935:Beer first sold in cans (Richmond, Virginia).

1/24/1940:Jane Wyman married Ronald Wilson Reagan.

1/24/1955:Ira Hamilton, one of the Marines who raised the flag on Iwo Jima,

         :died.

1/24/1965:Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill, British statesman died.

1/24/1969:Data General's Nova introduced.

1/24/1978:Radioactive debris from Cosmos 954 (Soviet) reached ground.

1/24/1984:Apple Computer unveiled the Macintosh computer.

1/24/1986:Lafayette Ron Hubbard, SF writer and founder of Scientology, died.

1/24/1986:Voyager 2 (US) revealed 10 previously unknown Uranus moons.

1/24/1989:Theodore Bundy, serial killer, executed (Florida).

1/24/1993:Thurgood Marshall, former US Supreme Court Justice, died.

1/25/1327:Edward III became the English Sovereign.

1/25/1533:King Henry VIII married Anne Boleyn.

1/25/1640:Robert Burton, writer ("The Anatomy of Melancholy"), died.

1/25/1787:Shay's Rebellion (Springfield, Massachusetts).

1/25/1858:Mendelssohn's "Wedding March" first played.

1/25/1870:Ornamented soda fountain patented (G.D. Dows).

1/25/1890:Nellie Bly completed around the world trip (72 days, 6 hours, 11

         :minutes).

1/25/1890:United Mine Workers of America founded.

1/25/1915:Transcontinental telephone service inaugurated (New York to San

         :Francisco).

1/25/1945:Fluoride first added to public drinking water (Grand Rapids,

         :Michigan).

1/25/1949:First Emmy Awards.

1/25/1950:Alger Hiss convicted of perjury.

1/25/1958:First US meeting of ALGOL definition committee.

1/25/1961:First US presidential news conference on TV.

1/25/1971:Charles Manson found guilty of the murder of actress Sharon Tate.

1/25/1973:"Life" published its final weekly issue.

1/25/1981:Americans held hostage in Iran (444 days) returned to the US.

1/26     :Australia Day (Australia).

1/26     :National Holiday (Dominican Republic).

1/26     :Republic Day (India).

1/26/1531:Earthquake in Lisbon (30,000 killed).

1/26/1778:Sydney, Australia (then Port Jackson) settled.

1/26/1837:Michigan became 26th US state.

1/26/1838:First US state temperance law passed (Tennessee).

1/26/1841:Hong Kong proclaimed a sovereign territory of Britain.

1/26/1886:David R. Atchison, president of US for 1 day (3/4/1849), died.

1/26/1893:Abner Doubleday, baseball pioneer, died.

1/26/1918:"Wheatless" and "Meatless" days called for.

1/26/1926:Television first demonstrated (J.L. Baird, London).

1/26/1929:Indian National Congress resolved to work for establishment of a

         :sovereign republic.

1/26/1950:First babysitter's insurance policy issued (Saint Louis).

1/26/1950:India became the Republic of India.

1/26/1952:EDVAC demonstrated.

1/26/1955:Serge Rubinstein, international con man, found strangled.

1/26/1973:Edward G. Robinson, actor, died.

1/26/1979:Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller, former US vice president, died.

1/26/1984:"Mickey Spillane's Mike Hammer" returned to TV.

1/26/1986:Super Bowl XX (New England 10, Chicago 46).

1/27/1302:Dante Alighiere expelled from Florence.

1/27/1606:Gunpowder Plot Trial.

1/27/1785:First US state University chartered (University of Georgia).

1/27/1851:John James Audubon, naturalist, died.

1/27/1863:A.D. Boileau, newspaper editor, arrested for opposing the US

         :Civil War.

1/27/1870:Kappa Alpha Theta, first sorority, founded (DePauw University,

         :Greencastle, Indiana).

1/27/1880:Electric incandescent lamp patented (Thomas Edison).

1/27/1891:George Bancroft, US historian, died.

1/27/1901:Giuseppi Verdi, Italian opera composer, died.

1/27/1915:US Marines occupied Haiti.

1/27/1922:Elizabeth Cochrane Seaman (a.k.a. Nelly Bly), journalist, died.

1/27/1951:First atomic bomb test in Nevada.

1/27/1964:First woman sought nomination of major US political party's

         :support for president (Margaret Chase Smith, from Maine).

1/27/1967:Fire aboard Apollo 1 (US) (6:31 pm) killed crew.

1/27/1973:Ceasefire ended Vietnam War.

1/27/1979:First US vice president to be cremated (N.A. Rockefeller).

1/27/1986:Lilli Palmer (Lillie Marie Peiser), actress, died.

1/27/1994:Claude Akins, actor, died.

1/27/1994:Sherm Feller, Boston Red Sox public address announcer, died.

1/28     :Feast of Democracy (Rwanda).

1/28     :National Kazoo Day.

1/28/1547:King Edward VI became the English Sovereign.

1/28/1782:Congress resolved that there should be a Great Seal of the US.

1/28/1807:First street to be lighted by gas lamps (Pall Mall, London).

1/28/1871:France surrendered in the Franco-Prussian War.

1/28/1878:First commercial telephone switchboard opened (New Haven, CT - 21

         :people).

1/28/1890:Prudence Crandall, teacher, died.

1/28/1909:Republican government took over Cuba.

1/28/1914:First rope ski tow (Woodstock, Vermont).

1/28/1915:US Coast Guard established.

1/28/1916:First Jew nominated to the US Supreme Court (Louis D. Brandeis).

1/28/1939:William Butler Yeats, Irish poet-dramatist, died.

1/28/1961:Dora Amy Elles Dillon Turnbull (a.k.a. Patricia Wentworth),

         :writer ("The Gazebo"), died.

1/28/1963:Jean Felix Piccard, Swiss balloonist and cosmic-ray researcher,

         :died.

1/28/1969:Santa Barbara oil spill.

1/28/1982:General James Dozier was rescued after being held for 42 days.

1/28/1986:Space Shuttle Challenger exploded (11:39 am EST) (7 killed).

1/28/1991:Red Grange, "The Galloping Ghost," died.

1/28/1994:Hal Smith, actor (Otis on "The Andy Grriffith Show").

1/29     :Martyrs Day (Nepal).

1/29/1621:Rose Standish, wife of Myles Standish, died.

1/29/1820:King George III, king during American revolution, died.

1/29/1820:King George IV became English Sovereign.

1/29/1834:First use of US federal troops in a labor dispute (Chesapeake and

         :Ohio Railroad).

1/29/1837:Alexander Pushkin, Russian author, died.

1/29/1845:"The Raven," by Edgar Allan Poe, published.

1/29/1861:Kansas became the 34th US state.

1/29/1886:Patent issued for "motorwagen" (Carl Benz).

1/29/1888:Edward Lear, English artist and author, died.

1/29/1899:Alfred Sisley, French impressionist painter, died.

1/29/1900:The American Baseball League formed (Buffalo, Chicago, Cleveland,

         :Detroit, Indianapolis, Kansas City, Milwaukee, and Minneapolis).

1/29/1910:"Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde" (the play) opened.

1/29/1921:Hurricane in Washington and Oregon.

1/29/1929:"The Seeing Eye" guide dog foundation organized.

1/29/1936:First men elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame (Ty Cobb, Babe

         :Ruth, Walter Johnson, Christy Mathewson, and Honus Wagner).

1/29/1944:William Allen White, US journalist, died.

1/29/1956:Henry Louis Mencken, US critic, died.

1/29/1963:First members of the football Hall of Fame selected.

1/29/1963:Robert Lee Frost, poet, died.

1/29/1964:Saturn SA-5 (US) launched.

1/29/1974:UCLA won 88th straight basketball game.

1/29/1979:Brenda Spencer, San Diego student, shot 11 (2 died) because "I

         :don't like Mondays."

1/29/1979:Patricia Hearst's seven year prison sentence commuted to two

         :years.

1/29/1980:James Francis "Jimmy" Durante, entertainer, died.

1/30/1649:Charles I of England beheaded.

1/30/1798:First brawl in the US House of Representatives.

1/30/1835:First US presidential assassination attempt (Andrew Jackson).

1/30/1836:Elizabeth "Betsy" Ross (Griscom), maker of first US flag, died.

1/30/1933:Hitler became chancellor of Germany.

1/30/1948:Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi assassinated.

1/30/1948:Orville Wright, aviation pioneer, died.

1/30/1958:First two-way moving sidewalk in service (Dallas).

1/30/1968:Tet Offensive launched.

1/30/1969:Beatles' last public performance (London).

1/30/1972:"Bloody Sunday" (13 Catolics shot by British troops - Ireland).

1/30/1982:Lightnin' Hopkins, most recorded blues artist, died.

1/31     :National Holiday (Nauru).

1/31/1855:Western US railroads blocked by snow.

1/31/1865:13th Amendment to US Constitution (abolishing slavery) proposed

         :by Congress.

1/31/1901:"The Three Sisters" by Anton Chekhov premiered in Moscow.

1/31/1917:Germany announced a policy of unrestricted submarine warfare.

1/31/1928:Scotch tape first sold.

1/31/1929:Russia expelled Leon Trotsky.

1/31/1934:Franklin Roosevelt devalued the US dollar in relation to gold.

1/31/1935:J.S. Fletcher, author ("Middle Temple Murder"), died.

1/31/1939:Hewlett-Packard founded (1/1?).

1/31/1945:Eddie D. Slovik executed for desertion (only since Civil War).

1/31/1948:Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi cremated on the banks of the Ganges.

1/31/1949:First TV daytime soap opera broadcast ("These Are My Children").

1/31/1950:Harry Truman announced he had ordered hydrogen bomb development.

1/31/1956:Alan Alexander Milne, British author ("Winnie the Pooh"), died.

1/31/1958:Explorer 1 (US) (first US artificial satellite) launched.

1/31/1962:OAS voted to exclude Cuba.

1/31/1966:Luna 9 (USSR) launched.

1/31/1971:Apollo 14 (US) launched.

1/31/1974:Samuel Goldwyn (Samuel Goldfish), movie producer, died.

1/31/1987:Long Island Railway resumed service after a two week strike.

1/31/1990:Soviet Union's first McDonald's opened.